In bioassays, what types of organisms are commonly tested?

Bioassays are essential tools used to assess the toxicity or biological activity of various substances, particularly in environmental monitoring. Among the common types of organisms tested in bioassays, aquatic organisms, including fish and invertebrates, are frequently chosen due to their sensitivity to pollutants and changes in their environment. These organisms play a critical role in aquatic ecosystems and can provide vital information about the health of water bodies.

Fish and invertebrates are particularly useful models because they can indicate the acute and chronic effects of contaminants, such as heavy metals or organic pollutants, in aquatic systems. Their responses to toxins can be quantitatively measured, allowing researchers to draw conclusions about the potential hazards these substances pose to aquatic life.

While terrestrial plants and animals, microorganisms, and soil organisms are also studied in various contexts, they do not represent the primary focus of standard bioassays in water quality testing. The emphasis on aquatic organisms in bioassays stems from the urgent need to monitor and protect water ecosystems that can be substantially affected by human activities and environmental changes.