What does "groundwater" refer to?

Groundwater refers to water that is found beneath the Earth's surface, often stored in aquifers—geological formations that can hold and transmit water. This water is crucial as it accounts for a significant portion of the Earth's freshwater supply, playing an essential role in drinking water sources, irrigation, and supporting ecosystems.

It is distinct from surface water, which is found in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Groundwater is recharged from precipitation and can travel through soil and rock layers, making it an important component of the hydrological cycle. Understanding groundwater is vital for water resource management, environmental protection, and ensuring that sustainable practices are in place for its use.