Which of the following processes is primarily used to remove organic impurities from water?

The process that is primarily used to remove organic impurities from water is the use of activated carbon filters. Activated carbon is highly porous and has a large surface area, which allows it to effectively adsorb a variety of organic compounds, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, herbicides, and other pollutants. When water passes through an activated carbon filter, these organic impurities adhere to the surface of the carbon, thereby removing them from the water.

Activated carbon filters are widely used in water treatment applications, including household water filtration systems and municipal water treatment plants. They are especially effective for improving the taste and odor of water, as many of the compounds that contribute to unpleasant tastes and smells are organic in nature.

Other processes, while effective for certain contaminants, are not primarily designed to target organic impurities. For instance, distillation is often used to remove both organic and inorganic substances by boiling water and condensing the steam, but it may not be as efficient at removing specific organic compounds as activated carbon. Deionizing resin cartridges primarily remove ionic impurities (like salts) rather than organic contaminants. Treating with chlorine is an effective method for disinfection and targeting certain pathogens but does not specifically remove organic pollutants.